nkhani

M'lingaliro lalikulu, kumvetsetsa kwathu kwa ulusi wa galasi nthawi zonse kwakhala kuti ndi zinthu zopanda zitsulo, koma ndi kuzama kwa kafukufuku, tikudziwa kuti pali mitundu yambiri ya ulusi wagalasi, ndipo imakhala ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri, ndipo pamenepo. zambiri zabwino kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mphamvu yake yamakina ndiyokwera kwambiri, ndipo kukana kwake kutentha ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri kulinso kwabwino kwambiri. Ndizowona kuti palibe zinthu zomwe zili zangwiro, ndipo ulusi wagalasi ulinso ndi zofooka zake zomwe sizinganyalanyazidwe, ndiko kuti, sizimamva kuvala komanso zimakhala zovuta. Chotero, m’ntchito yogwira ntchito, tiyenera kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zathu ndi kupeŵa zofooka zathu.

Zida zopangira magalasi ndizosavuta kupeza, makamaka zotayidwa zamagalasi akale kapena magalasi. Ulusi wagalasi ndi wabwino kwambiri, ndipo magalasi oposa 20 a monofilaments palimodzi ndi ofanana ndi makulidwe a tsitsi. Ulusi wagalasi nthawi zambiri ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholimbikitsira muzinthu zophatikizika. Chifukwa chakuzama kwa kafukufuku wamagalasi opangidwa ndi magalasi m'zaka zaposachedwa, zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga komanso moyo wathu. Zolemba zingapo zotsatira zimafotokoza makamaka za kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wagalasi. Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa katundu, zigawo zikuluzikulu, mikhalidwe yayikulu, ndi gulu lazinthu zagalasi. Nkhani zingapo zotsatira zidzakambitsirana za kupanga kwake, chitetezo cha chitetezo, Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu, chitetezo cha chitetezo, chikhalidwe cha makampani ndi chitukuko cha chitukuko chikufotokozedwa.

Imawu oyamba

1.1 Magalasi a fiber

Chinthu china chabwino kwambiri cha ulusi wagalasi ndi mphamvu yake yothamanga kwambiri, yomwe imatha kufika 6.9g / d mu chikhalidwe chokhazikika ndi 5.8g / d mumkhalidwe wonyowa. Zinthu zabwino kwambiri zotere zimapanga ulusi wagalasi nthawi zambiri Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse ngati zolimbikitsira. Ili ndi kachulukidwe A ka 2.54. Ulusi wagalasi umalimbananso kwambiri ndi kutentha, ndipo umakhalabe ndi mphamvu zake zonse pa 300 ° C. Fiberglass nthawi zina imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chotchingira ndi chitetezo, chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zotchingira magetsi komanso kulephera kwake kuwononga mosavuta.

1.2 Zosakaniza zazikulu

Mapangidwe a galasi fiber ndi ovuta. Nthawi zambiri, zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe zimadziwika ndi aliyense ndi silika, okusayidi magnesium, okusayidi sodium, okusayidi boron, okusayidi aluminium, okusayidi kashiamu ndi zina zotero. The awiri a monofilament wa galasi CHIKWANGWANI ndi pafupifupi 10 microns, amene ali ofanana 1/10 wa awiri a tsitsi. Mtolo uliwonse wa ulusi umapangidwa ndi masauzande a monofilaments. Zojambulajambula ndizosiyana pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, zomwe zili mu silica mu fiber fiber zimayambira 50% mpaka 65%. Kulimba kwamphamvu kwa ulusi wagalasi wokhala ndi aluminium oxide wopitilira 20% ndi wokwera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri ulusi wagalasi wamphamvu kwambiri, pomwe ulusi wa aluminium oxide wa ulusi wagalasi wopanda alkali nthawi zambiri umakhala pafupifupi 15%. Ngati mukufuna kupanga fiber yagalasi kukhala yokulirapo yotanuka modulus, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti zomwe zili mu magnesium oxide ndizoposa 10%. Chifukwa cha ulusi wagalasi wokhala ndi ferric oxide pang'ono, kukana kwake kwa dzimbiri kwasinthidwa mosiyanasiyana.

1.3 Zofunika Kwambiri

1.3.1 Zopangira ndi ntchito

Poyerekeza ndi ulusi wa inorganic, ulusi wagalasi ndi wapamwamba kwambiri. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuyatsa, zosagwira kutentha, zoteteza kutentha, zokhazikika, komanso zosasunthika. Koma ndi yofewa ndipo imakhala yosakanizidwa bwino. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapulasitiki olimba kapena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa mphira, monga chowonjezera chagalasi chimakhala ndi izi:

(1) Mphamvu yake yolimba ndi yabwino kuposa zida zina, koma kutalika kwake ndi kochepa kwambiri.

(2) The elastic coefficient ndi yabwino kwambiri.

(3) M'kati mwa malire otanuka, galasi la galasi limatha kutalika kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo limakhala lolimba kwambiri, choncho limatha kuyamwa mphamvu zambiri pamoto.

(4) Popeza ulusi wagalasi ndi ulusi wa inorganic, ulusi wa inorganic uli ndi maubwino ambiri, siwosavuta kuwotcha ndipo mawonekedwe ake amake amakhala okhazikika.

(5) Sichapafupi kuyamwa madzi.

(6) Kutentha kosasunthika komanso kokhazikika m'chilengedwe, kosavuta kuchita.

(7) Kapangidwe kake nkwabwino kwambiri, ndipo imatha kusinthidwa kukhala zinthu zabwino kwambiri zamawonekedwe osiyanasiyana monga zingwe, zofewa, mitolo, ndi nsalu zoluka.

(8) Imatha kutumiza kuwala.

(9) Chifukwa chakuti zinthuzo n’zosavuta kuzipeza, mtengo wake si wokwera mtengo.

(10) Pa kutentha kwambiri, m’malo moyaka, amasungunuka kukhala mikanda yamadzimadzi.

1.4 Gulu

Malinga ndi magulu osiyanasiyana, magalasi fiber amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu yambiri. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ndi kutalika kwake, imatha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu: ulusi wopitilira, thonje la fiber ndi ulusi wokhazikika. Malingana ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana, monga zomwe zili zamchere, zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: magalasi a alkali-free, sing'anga-alkali glass fiber, ndi high-alkali glass fiber.

1.5 Kupanga zopangira

Pakupanga mafakitale enieni, kuti apange magalasi opangira magalasi, timafunikira alumina, mchenga wa quartz, miyala yamchere, pyrophyllite, dolomite, phulusa la koloko, mirabilite, boric acid, fluorite, fiber glass fiber, etc.

1.6 Njira yopangira

Njira zopangira mafakitale zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: imodzi ndiyoyamba kusungunula ulusi wagalasi, kenako kupanga magalasi ozungulira kapena ndodo okhala ndi ma diameter ang'onoang'ono. Kenako, amatenthedwa ndikusungunukanso m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuti apange ulusi wabwino wokhala ndi mainchesi 3-80 μm. Mtundu wina umasungunukanso galasi poyamba, koma umatulutsa ulusi wagalasi m'malo mwa ndodo kapena mabwalo. Chitsanzocho chinakokedwa kupyolera mu mbale ya platinamu pogwiritsa ntchito njira yojambula. Zotsatira zake zimatchedwa ulusi wopitilira. Ngati ulusi umakokedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma roller, zinthuzo zimatchedwa discontinuous fibers, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti cut-to-length glass fibers, ndi staple fibers.

1.7 Chiwerengero

Malinga ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana, ntchito ndi katundu wa galasi CHIKWANGWANI, amagawidwa m'makalasi osiyanasiyana. Ulusi wagalasi womwe wagulitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi ndi awa:

1.7.1 E-galasi

Ndi galasi la borate, lomwe limatchedwanso galasi lopanda alkali m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa cha ubwino wake wambiri, ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Pakalipano ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ngakhale kuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, koma ali ndi zofooka zosapeŵeka. Imakhudzidwa mosavuta ndi mchere wa inorganic, kotero ndizovuta kusunga m'malo okhala acidic.

1.7.2 C-galasi

Pakupanga kwenikweni, imatchedwanso magalasi apakatikati a alkali, omwe amakhala ndi mankhwala okhazikika komanso kukana bwino kwa asidi. Zoyipa zake ndikuti mphamvu zamakina sizikhala zapamwamba komanso magwiridwe antchito amagetsi ndi osauka. Malo osiyanasiyana ali ndi miyezo yosiyana. M'makampani opangira magalasi apanyumba, palibe gawo la boron mugalasi lapakati lamchere. Koma m'makampani opangira magalasi akunja, zomwe amapanga ndi magalasi apakatikati amchere okhala ndi boron. Osati zomwe zili ndi zosiyana, komanso ntchito yomwe imakhala ndi galasi la alkali kunyumba ndi kunja ndi yosiyana. Magalasi opangira magalasi ndi ndodo zamagalasi zopangidwa kunja zimapangidwa ndi galasi lapakati lamchere. Popanga, galasi lapakati la alkali limagwiranso ntchito mu asphalt. M'dziko langa, cholinga chake ndi chakuti chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika kwambiri, ndipo chimagwira ntchito paliponse pakupanga nsalu ndi zosefera.

Fiberglass ndodo

1.7.3 Galasi CHIKWANGWANI A galasi

Popanga, anthu amachitchanso galasi la alkali, lomwe ndi la galasi la sodium silicate, koma chifukwa cha kukana kwake kwa madzi, nthawi zambiri silipangidwa ngati galasi.

1.7.4 Fiberglass D galasi

Imatchedwanso galasi la dielectric ndipo nthawi zambiri ndizomwe zimapangira magalasi a dielectric.

1.7.5 Galasi lagalasi lamphamvu kwambiri

Mphamvu yake ndi 1/4 yapamwamba kuposa ya E-glass fiber, ndipo modulus yake yotanuka ndi yapamwamba kuposa ya E-glass fiber. Chifukwa cha ubwino wake wosiyanasiyana, uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, koma chifukwa cha mtengo wake wapamwamba, pakali pano Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinthu zina zofunika, monga makampani ankhondo, ndege ndi zina zotero.

1.7.5 Glass fiber AR galasi

Amatchedwanso alkali-resistant glass fiber, womwe ndi ulusi wopanda organic ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera mu konkriti yolimba yagalasi. Pazifukwa zina, imatha kusintha zitsulo ndi asibesitosi.

1.7.6 Glass fiber E-CR galasi

Ndi galasi lopanda boron komanso lopanda alkali. Chifukwa kukana kwake kwamadzi ndikokwera pafupifupi nthawi 10 kuposa ulusi wagalasi wopanda alkali, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zosagwira madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kukana kwake kwa asidi kulinso kolimba kwambiri, ndipo kumakhala ndi udindo waukulu pakupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi apansi panthaka. Kuphatikiza pa ulusi wagalasi wofala kwambiri womwe tatchula pamwambapa, asayansi tsopano apanga mtundu watsopano wa ulusi wagalasi. Chifukwa ndi mankhwala opanda boron, amakwaniritsa zofuna za anthu zoteteza chilengedwe. M'zaka zaposachedwa, pali mtundu wina wa ulusi wagalasi womwe umakonda kwambiri, womwe ndi ulusi wagalasi wokhala ndi magalasi awiri. M'zinthu zamakono za ubweya wagalasi, tikhoza kuzindikira kuti zilipo.

1.8 Kuzindikiritsa ulusi wagalasi

Njira yosiyanitsa ulusi wagalasi ndiyosavuta, ndiko kuti, kuyika ulusi wagalasi m'madzi, kutentha mpaka madzi awira, ndikusunga kwa maola 6-7. Ngati mupeza kuti mbali zopingasa ndi zokhotakhota za ulusi wagalasi zimakhala zocheperachepera, ndi ulusi wagalasi wambiri wa alkali. . Malinga ndi miyezo yosiyana, pali njira zambiri zogawira ulusi wagalasi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagawika kuchokera kumawonekedwe a kutalika ndi mainchesi, kapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito.

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