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Ngwazi Yopanda Unsung of Composites: Kulowera Kwakuya mu Momwe Fiberglass Roving imapangidwira

M'dziko lazinthu zotsogola, zida ngati kaboni fiber nthawi zambiri zimaba zowunikira. Koma kuseri kwa pafupifupi chilichonse cholimba, cholimba, komanso chopepuka cha fiberglass - kuyambira mabwato ndi ma turbine amphepo kupita ku mbali zamagalimoto ndi maiwe osambira - pali zida zolimbikitsira:kuyendayenda kwa fiberglass. Chingwe chosunthika ichi, chosalekeza cha ulusi wa magalasi ndiye gawo lalikulu pamakampani opanga ma composites. Koma kodi zinthu zofunika kwambirizi zimapangidwa bwanji?

Nkhaniyi ikuwunikira mozama njira zamafakitale zopangira fiberglass roving, kuchokera ku mchenga wosaphika kupita ku spool yomaliza yokonzekera kutumizidwa.

Kodi Fiberglass Roving ndi chiyani?

Musanalowe mu "momwe," ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa "chiyani."Fiberglass yozungulirandi gulu la mikwingwirima yagalasi yofanana, yosalekeza yosonkhanitsidwa pamodzi kukhala chingwe chimodzi chosapindika. Nthawi zambiri amakulungidwa pa spool yaikulu kapena kupanga phukusi. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapangitsa kukhala koyenera kwa njira zomwe mphamvu zambiri komanso kunyowa mwachangu (kuchulukitsitsa ndi utomoni) ndizofunikira, monga:

-Kuphulika:Kupanga ma profayilo amitundu yosiyanasiyana monga mizati ndi mipiringidzo.

-Mapiritsi a Filament:Kupanga zotengera zokakamiza, mapaipi, ndi ma rocket motor casings.

-Kupanga kwa Strand Mat (CSM):Kumene kuyendayenda kumadulidwa ndikugawidwa mwachisawawa pamphasa.

-Mapulogalamu Otsitsira:Kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti ya chopper kuyika utomoni ndi galasi panthawi imodzi.

Chinsinsi cha ntchito yake yagona mu chikhalidwe chake mosalekeza ndi pristine khalidwe la munthu magalasi filaments.

Njira Yopangira: Ulendo wochokera ku Mchenga kupita ku Spool

Kupanga kwakuyendayenda kwa fiberglassndi mosalekeza, kutentha kwambiri, ndi makina kwambiri. Ikhoza kugawidwa m'magawo asanu ndi limodzi.

Gawo 1: Kuphatikizira - Chinsinsi Cholondola

Zingakhale zodabwitsa, koma galasi la fiberglass limayamba ndi zinthu zomwezo ngati gombe: mchenga wa silika. Komabe, zopangirazo zimasankhidwa mosamala ndikusakanikirana. Kusakaniza kumeneku, komwe kumadziwika kuti "batch," makamaka kumakhala ndi:

-Silica Sand (SiO₂):Galasi loyamba, lomwe limapereka msana wamapangidwe.

-Mwala wa laimu (Calcium carbonate):Imathandiza kukhazikika kwa galasi.

-Soda Ash (Sodium carbonate):Amachepetsa kutentha kwa mchenga, kupulumutsa mphamvu.

-Zowonjezera Zina:Maminolo ochepa monga borax, dongo, kapena maginito amawonjezedwa kuti apereke zinthu zinazake monga kuwonjezereka kwa mankhwala (monga mu galasi la E-CR) kapena kusungunula magetsi (E-glass).

Zopangira izi zimayesedwa ndendende ndikuphatikizana mu chisakanizo cha homogeneous, kukonzekera ng'anjo.

Gawo 2: Kusungunuka - Kusintha Kwamoto

Gululi limayikidwa mu ng'anjo yayikulu, yowotchedwa ndi gasi yomwe imagwira ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu pafupifupi pafupifupi.1400°C mpaka 1600°C (2550°F mpaka 2900°F). Mkati mwa inferno iyi, zopangira zolimba zimasintha kwambiri, zimasungunuka kukhala madzi osakanikirana, owoneka ngati galasi losungunuka. Ng'anjoyo imagwira ntchito mosalekeza, ndikuwonjezera batchi yatsopano kumapeto kwina ndi magalasi osungunula otengedwa kuchokera mbali inayo.

Gawo 3: Fiberization - Kubadwa kwa Filaments

Ichi ndi gawo lovuta kwambiri komanso lochititsa chidwi kwambiri la ndondomekoyi. Magalasi osungunuka amayenda kuchokera ku ng'anjo yamoto kupita ku zida zapadera zotchedwa abushing. Bushing ndi mbale ya platinamu-rhodium alloy, yosagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndi dzimbiri, yomwe imakhala ndi mazana kapena masauzande a mabowo abwino, kapena nsonga.

Galasi losungunuka likamadutsa m'nsonga zimenezi, limapanga timitsinje ting'onoting'ono, tokhazikika. Mitsinjeyi imazizidwa mwachangu ndikukokeredwa pansi ndi mphepo yothamanga kwambiri yomwe ili pansi kwambiri. Kujambula kumeneku kumachepetsa galasilo, ndikulikoka kukhala ulusi wabwino kwambiri wokhala ndi mainchesi kuyambira 9 mpaka 24 ma micrometer - woonda kuposa tsitsi la munthu.

Gawo 4: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kukula - Kuphimba Kofunikira

Ulusiwo utangopangidwa, koma usanakhudze wina ndi mzake, umakutidwa ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi mankhwala otchedwakukulakapena acoupling wothandizira. Gawo ili ndilofunika kwambiri ngati fiberization yokha. Sizing imagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika:

-Mafuta:Kuteteza ulusi wosalimba kuti asakhumudwe wina ndi mzake komanso zida zopangira.

-Kuphatikiza:Amapanga mlatho wamankhwala pakati pa magalasi osakhazikika ndi utomoni wa polima, ndikuwongolera kwambiri kumamatira ndi mphamvu zophatikizika.

-Kuchepetsa Kokhazikika:Imaletsa kuchuluka kwa magetsi osasunthika.

-Kugwirizana:Amamangirira ulusi pamodzi kuti apange chingwe chogwirizana.

Mapangidwe enieni a sizing ndi chinsinsi chotetezedwa bwino ndi opanga ndipo amapangidwa kuti azigwirizana ndi ma resin osiyanasiyana (polyester, epoxy,vinyl ester).

Gawo 5: Kusonkhanitsa ndi Kupanga Strand

Mazana a ulusi pawokha, wokulirapo tsopano amalumikizana. Amasonkhanitsidwa pamodzi pagulu la zodzigudubuza, zotchedwa nsapato zosonkhanitsa, kupanga chingwe chimodzi, chopitiriza—kungoyendayenda. Chiwerengero cha ulusi wosonkhanitsidwa chimatsimikizira "tex" yomaliza kapena kulemera kwa kutalika kwa roving.

Gawo 6: Kuthamanga - Phukusi Lomaliza

Njira yopitilira yozunguliraimamangidwira pacollet yozungulira, ndikupanga phukusi lalikulu, lozungulira lotchedwa "doff" kapena "kupanga phukusi." Liwiro lokhotakhota ndi lokwera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri limapitilira 3,000 metres pa mphindi. Ma winders amakono amagwiritsa ntchito zowongolera zamakono kuti zitsimikizire kuti phukusili likuvulazidwa mofanana komanso ndi zovuta zolondola, kuteteza kusokonezeka ndi kusweka kwa mapulogalamu otsika.

Phukusi lathunthu likang'ambika, limachotsedwa (kuchotsedwa), limayang'aniridwa kuti likhale labwino, lolembedwa, ndikukonzekera kutumizidwa kwa opanga zinthu ndi opanga zinthu zambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Kuwongolera Ubwino: Msana Wosawoneka

Pa nthawi yonseyi, kuwongolera khalidwe ndikofunika kwambiri. Makina odzipangira okha ndi akatswiri a labu nthawi zonse amayang'anira zosintha monga:

-Kusasinthika kwa filament diameter

-Tex (kuchuluka kwa mzere)

-Kupanda ungwiro komanso kumasuka ku zopuma

-Sizing ntchito kufanana

-Package kumanga khalidwe

Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti spool iliyonse ya roving ikukwaniritsa miyezo yoyenera yofunikira pakupanga zida zapamwamba zogwirira ntchito.

Kutsiliza: Chodabwitsa cha Umisiri m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku

Kulengedwa kwakuyendayenda kwa fiberglassndi luso laumisiri wamafakitale, kusintha zinthu zosavuta, zochulukira kukhala chilimbikitso chaukadaulo chomwe chimaumba dziko lathu lamakono. Nthawi ina mukadzawona makina opangira mphepo akutembenuka mokongola, galimoto yowoneka bwino yamasewera, kapena chitoliro cholimba cha fiberglass, mudzasangalala ndi ulendo wovuta waukadaulo komanso wolondola womwe udayamba ndi mchenga ndi moto, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale ngwazi yosasimbika yamagulu ena: fiberglass roving.

Lumikizanani nafe:

Malingaliro a kampani Chongqing Dujiang Composites Co., Ltd.

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